There are different types of tyres to match different road conditions. Tyres generally consist of cords and wires encased in synthetic rubber case inflated with air. These types of pneumatic inflatable tyres are commonly used in motorcycles, cars, trucks, earthmovers and other heavy vehicles as the sturdiness of each type of tyre differs. Tread plays a major role as it is the part of the tyre that comes into contact with the road and provides traction. The tread is usually made of thick rubber and does not wear away quickly because of the presence of grooves and lugs on it. Lugs are usually designed to be non symmetrical to reduce noise and the presence of space between the lugs allow to evacuate water quickly. The tread design and the sturdiness of the rubber is what distinguish one tyre from another.
Winter tyres are called as high performance tyres that have small void ratios which allow more rubber to be in contact with the road while on the move, which in turn increases the friction. There is a sense of importance for using them. In fact, European Union has made these tyres a legal requirement on snow and slush roads. If you plan to travel Europe, then you may have to make separate enquires for each country as the winter tyre laws vary by countries.
In France, winter tyres have not been made mandatory, however they insist on snow chains and spikes. Vehicles that use spikes may have to wear a badge indicating the use of spikes. In Switzerland, They are mandatory. The use of snow chains are permitted there, but it has to be fitted on at least two driving wheels. Some people find it quite difficult to carry additional sets of tyres and changing it quite frequently depending on the area they travel. The solution may be to carry a set of all-season tyres, which can then be used on snow roads as well provided it has M + S mark on it.
Austria has strict laws on winter tyres as well the permissible maximum weight a vehicle is allowed to carry during winter season. Whereas Italy does not enforce the use of winter tyres and snow road can be managed using snow chains. Latvia usually has high snow throughout a year, so winter tyres are highly mandatory there. Germany is quite frequently visited by many people from all around the world. They have strict rules on winter tyres however one can use snow chains. But the use of summer tyres on snow roads definitely invite fine from road patrols.
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